The apico-basal polarization of epithelial cells is known to be a pre-requisite for their fundamental biological roles.
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The membrane facing the lumen or free surface is known as the apical membrane, while the membrane oriented away from the lumen, contacting the extracellular matrix, is known as the basal membrane and the sides of the cell contacting the neighboring cells form the lateral membrane. The basolateral membrane contains the Scribble complex and faces the extracellular matrix.Įpithelial cells establish an apical-basal polarity, which results from the differential distribution of phospholipids, protein complexes, and cytoskeletal components between the various plasma membrane domains, reflecting their specialized functions. The progenitor cell populations that establish the developing human cortex exhibit distinct forms of apicalbasal polarity. Polarization is a universal trait of eukaryotic cells and every cell acquires features of polarization either transiently or stably. The apical membrane faces the lumen and is rich in PAR and Crumbs protein complexes. One popular view is that we progress linearly, from conceptual to ever more detailed models. Epithelial cells become polarized along the apical-basal axis. 175 - 179 DOI: 10.1126/science.1216380 Abstract Among a number of innovative approaches that have modernized cell biology, modeling has a prominent yet unusual place.
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